SAP MM – Functionality and Technical Configuration

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Create A No Range For Material Type

Application Area – MM

Overview

Material numbering plays an important role in material management. Every material range from raw material to trading goods must have a unique material number to identity itself in the company. For manufacturing company, there must be a verified material numbering rules to support daily manufacturing activities.

SAP provides two methods for material numbering. One is internal assignment, the other is external assignment. When creating the material master, if leave the material number blank, the system will assign a number automatically, otherwise your entered material number will be checked against the defined number range.

The material number in R/3 is technically defined as an eighteen byte, character field.The logic that formats material numbers is contained in a conversion exit and is controlled by configuration tables, number range objects and standard R/3 customer functions.

Configuration Detail

This configuration setting enables to set up material numbering rule and material number range.

1. Follow the menu path: IMG-Logistics General-Material Master-Basic Settings-Define Output Format for Material Numbers. T-code: OMSL

2. Enter the maximum length of the material number that can be entered or displayed.

a) Material number template controls the format of material numbers, in particular, it defines the positions at which the system is to insert additional characters.
b) Lexicographical defines the way numeric material numbers are stored in the database. This indicator makes it possible to distinguish material number ’000000000000000123′ and ’123′.
c) Leading zeros specify whether a numeric material number is to be shown with leading zeros to fill up its defined length.If lexicographical indicator is set, it is meaningless of leading zero indicator. If lexicographical indicator is not set, the leading zero will be appended to material number for a numeric material number.

3. Maintain the material number range. Follow the menu path: IMG – Logistics General – Basic Settings – Material Types – Define Number Ranges for Each Material Type. T-Code: MMNR.

General T-Code for SAP number range is SNRO. Enter number range object name ‘MATERIALNR’, it will also lead you to below screen.


4. Create groups. You can group a couple of material types and assign the group to a number range interval.

a) create a new group

b) Assign the group to a number range interval.

c) Assign a material type to the group.

d) Add the defined material number range to a trasport manually.

Changing Fields In A Material Master As A Mandatory/Optional/suppress

In this demo, we would try marking the field "Material Group" in MM01 as Mandatory. Please see the screenshot below from MM01. Here the field "Material Group" is not mandatory.

 Get the technical details of the field "Material Group" by clicking on F1 and then "Technical help". Note the value in the field "Screen Field". Here it is MARA-MATKL.

 Now go to Transaction SPRO -> IMG --> Logistics - General -> Material Master -> Field Selection -> Maintain Field Selection for Data Screens 

 Following screen appears:

 Now using F4 help on "Field Sel. group", select the value MARA-MATKL.

 Now scroll down the list to find the value MM01. i.e., we are trying to modify the properties of the field MARA-MATKL in the transaction MM01. Now click on the radio button "Reqd Entry" to mark the field as mandatory. Similarly, we can mark any field as optional or only as display field or hide the field.

Save your entries and check the field "Material Group" in the transaction MM01. See the screenshot below:

You can observe that the Material Group is set to Mandatory now.

Configuration Of Material Type

Application Area – MM,SD,PP

Overview

Material type is the key that assigns the material to a group of materials such as raw materials, operating supplies or trading goods. The material type has an important role in controlling some material related functions. Below image shows which functions can be controlled by material type.

- Number Range

- Procurement type determines whether the material is pruchased or manufactured in-house.

- User departments defines which views will be displayed in material master.

- Field selection defines whether the fields in material master is hidden or input.

- Account determination determines the account to be posted when material moves in and out of the plant.

Configuration Detail

This configuration setting enables to define a new material type.

1. Follow the menu path: IMG – Logistics General – Material Master – Basic Settings – Material Types – Define Attributes of Material Types. T-code: OMS2

2. Copy the standard material type into custom namespace. Choose predefined material typeROH and choose copy button.

3. Enter the new material type name and description. In this example, we use K001.

4. Maintain detail material type information.

a) General Data

Field Reference – determines for each field selection group if the field selection group is set to Hide, Display, Required entry, or Optional entry.

SRef. Material Type – determines what screens are displayed depending on the material type when you maintain material master records.

X-plant matl status – The cross-plant material status restricts the usability of the material for all plants, that is, it defines whether a warning or error message is displayed if you include the material in a particular function.

External no. assignment w/o check – this indicator tells the system not to check the material number entered on the screen against the number range

b) User departments

Determine which views will be displayed in material master. It will only display the views that are selected.

c) Internal/External Purchase Orders

Determine whether the materials are purchased or produced.

d) Valuation

Indicates the price control used to valuate the stock of a material. You have the following options: Standard price, Moving average price.

e) Quantity/Value Updating

Determine how the material quantity/value is updated. Choose by valuation area indicates that that movements in quantity/value are updated in certain valuation areas, but not in others.

5. Save the new created material type.

Standard Material Types With Definitions

Standard Material Types

Definition

See Material Types.

StructureThe standard SAP R/3 System contains the following material types:

• CONT (KANBAN containers)

This material type is recommended for creating KANBAN containers as a material. In the standard SAP R/3 System, only the Basic Data view is offered. Using this material type makes it easy to search for KANBAN containers.

• DIEN (services)

Services can be performed internally or procured externally (outsourced). They cannot be stored or transported. Examples include construction work, janitorial/cleaning services, and legal services.

• ERSA (spare parts)

Spare parts are used to replace defective parts. They may be kept in stock. A material master record of this material type can contain purchasing data, but not sales data.

• FERT (finished products)

Finished products are produced in-house. Since they cannot be ordered by Purchasing, a material master record of this material type does not contain purchasing data.

• FGTR (beverages)

• FHMI (production resources/tools)

Production resources/tools are procured externally and used in production or plant maintenance. A material master record of this material type can contain purchasing data, but not sales data. It is managed on a quantity basis. Examples of production resources/tools include jigs and fixtures, and measuring and test equipment.

• FOOD (foods excluding perishables)

• FRIP (perishables)

Goods in an assortment that are perishable such as fruit, vegetables, dairy products, and meat.

• HALB (semifinished products)

Semifinished products can be procured externally and manufactured in-house. They are then processed by the company. A material master record of this material type can contain both purchasing and work scheduling data.

• HAWA (trading goods)

Trading goods are always procured externally and then sold. A material master record of this material type can contain purchasing data and sales data.

• HERS (manufacturer parts)

Manufacturer parts are materials that can be supplied by different manufacturers and/or vendors who use different manufacturer part numbers to identify the materials. 

• HIBE (operating supplies)

Operating supplies are procured externally and required for the manufacture of other products. A material master record of this material type can contain purchasing data, but not sales data.

• IBAU (maintenance assemblies)

Maintenance assemblies are not individual objects, but logical elements to separate technical objects into more clearly defined units in plant maintenance. For example, an automobile can be a technical object, and the engine, gearbox, chassis, and so on the maintenance assemblies. A material master record of this material type can contain basic data and classification data.

• INTR (intra materials)

Intra materials exist only temporarily between two processing steps. A material master record of this material type contains neither purchasing nor sales data.

• KMAT (configurable materials)

Configurable materials are materials that can have different variants. For example, an automobile can have different types of paintwork, trim, and engine. The Material is configurable indicator is already set for this material type in Customizing for the Material Master in the activity Define attributes of material types.
A material master record of this material type contains sales data, but not purchasing data.

• LEER (industry empties) and LGUT (retail empties)

Empties are a type of returnable transport packaging generally subject to a deposit. They can consist of several components grouped together in a bill of material (BOM) that are assigned to a full product. For example, an empty crate and the empty bottles are assigned to the full product beer. Each of the components in the BOM has a separate material master record.

• MODE (apparel (seasonal))

• NLAG (nonstock materials)

Nonstock materials are not held in stock because they are consumed immediately.

• NOF1 (nonfoods)

Nonfoods are items sold in grocery stores, other than food. Examples include paper products and magazines.

• PIPE (pipeline materials)

Materials such as oil, power, or water that flow into the production process directly from a pipeline, line, or other type of conduit. Since pipeline materials are always available, they are not planned.

• PROC (process materials)

Process materials are used in the manufacture of co-products. They are not physical entities, but represent production processes. They are useful if production is initiated by the availability of input materials and capacities, and not by material requirements planning.

• PROD (product groups)

Product groups aggregate materials according to certain freely definable criteria. For example, the products may be similar to each other in some way, or they may be finished products that were produced on the same machine. A material master record of this material type can contain MRP and work scheduling data.

• ROH (raw materials)

Raw materials are always procured externally and then processed. A material master record of this type contains purchasing data, but not sales data since they cannot be sold.

• UNBW (nonvaluated materials)

Nonvaluated materials are managed on a quantity basis, but not by value.

• VERP (packaging materials)

Packaging materials are used to transport goods and come with the goods free of charge. A material master record of this material type is managed on both a quantity basis and value basis.

• VKHM (additionals)

Additionals are assigned to a material to be sold to ensure its effective presentation to customers. Examples include clothes hangers, care labels, and services such as pressing clothing for display or arranging it on hangers.

• VOLL (full products)

Full products are the counterpart to empties. For example, with a crate of lemonade, the full product is the lemonade itself, while the empties are the individual bottles and the crate.

• WERB (advertising media)

Means of presentation used in advertising that groups together advertising messages about a number of materials. Examples include printed mail-order catalogs, computer catalogs on CD-ROM, and promotional fliers.

• WERT (value-only articles)

A value-only article represents a group of articles whose inventory is not managed on an article basis. All goods movements for this group of articles are posted to the value-only article.

• WETT (competitive products)

Observing and evaluating the activities of your competitors is essential for optimum market analysis. You can enter basic data on the products of your competitors in material master records of this material type. By specifying a competitor number, you can assign the product to a particular competitor. 

Assigning A Plant To A Company Code Through A Case Study

Assign Plant to Company Code
For the business scenario, we will assign:

• A001 and A002 plant to ABCD company code
• E001 plant to EFGH company code.

We assign plant to company code with OX18 t-code or from the following menu path of “SPRO” t-code: IMG – Enterprise Structure – Assignment – Logistics-General – Assign plant to company code.

The above image is © SAP AG 2011. All rights reserved

The above image is © SAP AG 2011. All rights reserved

Definition And Creation Of Plant In SAP

Step-by-Step SAP Material Management (MM) Configuration: Define Plant
This post will explain a step by step SAP MM configuration of how to define a plant in an SAP client.

A plant is the place of production, or branch of a company, or simply a collection of several locations of material stocks in close physical proximity.
A plant is represented by a client-unique 4-digit alpha-numeric.
Plant is used in Material Management (MM), Production Planning (PP), Sales and Distribution (SD), and Plant Maintenance (PM) module.
A plant is assigned to one company code.
One company code can have more than one plant.
One Business Area is assigned to plant.
Several plants can have same business area.
We can define Plant in a SAP R/3 client with T-code: SPRO.

SAP Screenshots of How to define a plant are:

• Go to the menu: IMG – Enterprise Structure – Definition – Logistic-General – Define, Copy, Check, Delete Plant:
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• Click Execute button, the next screen is:
  
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• Select “Define Plant” if we want to create a plant from the scratch, or select “copy, delete, check plant” if we want to copy a plant from an existing plant. In this example we will create a plant from the scratch. The next screen is:
  
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• Click “New Entries” button. The next screen is:
  
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• Fill the Plant code that we want to create (client-unique 4-digit alpha-numeric) in the plant field. Then click “address” icon. The next screen is:
  
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• Fill the required field as above image, and click “OK” button or press “Enter”. The next screen is:
  
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• Click the “save” button. And the next screen is:
  
  The above image is © SAP AG 2010. All rights reserved
• The GC01 plant has been created. Then we need to assign this plant to a company code and business area.